Chemistry
Atoms and bonding, chemical reactions, acids and bases, the periodic table and organic chemistry.
5 categories · 37 chapters · 247 topics
General Chemistry
The basic language of chemistry: matter, formulae, the mole, atoms, the periodic table and bonding.
- Chapter 1
Introduction to Chemistry
What is Chemistry? · Branches of Chemistry · Careers in Chemistry · Contributions of Muslim Scientists to Chemistry …
8 topicsInteractive lessonClass 9O Level - Chapter 2
Separation and Purification
Filtration · Crystallisation · Sublimation · Simple and Fractional Distillation …
7 topicsInteractive lessonClass 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 3
Chemical Formulae and Equations
Symbols and Valency · Ions and Radicals · Writing Chemical Formulae · Empirical, Molecular and Structural Formulae …
7 topicsClass 9O LevelA Level - Chapter 4
The Mole and Stoichiometry
Relative Atomic, Molecular and Formula Mass · The Mole and Avogadro's Number · Molar Mass · Molar Volume of Gases …
8 topicsClass 9Class 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 5
Atomic Structure
Discovery of Electron, Proton and Neutron · Atomic Models: Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr · Atomic Number and Mass Number · Isotopes and their Uses …
8 topicsClass 9Class 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 6
Periodic Table and Periodicity
History of the Periodic Table · Groups, Periods and Blocks · Atomic and Ionic Radius · Shielding Effect …
8 topicsClass 9Class 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 7
Chemical Bonding
Why Atoms Form Bonds: the Octet Rule · Ionic Bonding · Covalent Bonding: Single, Double and Triple · Dative (Coordinate) Bonding …
11 topicsClass 9Class 11O LevelA Level
Physical Chemistry
Why and how reactions happen: states of matter, solutions, energy changes, rates, equilibrium, acids and electrochemistry.
- Chapter 8
States of Matter
Kinetic Particle Theory · Changes of State · Diffusion · Gas Laws: Boyle's, Charles's and Avogadro's …
9 topicsClass 9Class 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 9
Solutions and Concentration
Solutions, Suspensions and Colloids · Solubility and Factors Affecting It · Solubility Curves · Saturated, Unsaturated and Supersaturated Solutions …
8 topicsClass 9Class 11O Level - Chapter 10
Chemical Energetics (Thermochemistry)
Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions · Energy Profile Diagrams · Enthalpy Change · Standard Enthalpy Changes …
9 topicsClass 9Class 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 11
Reaction Kinetics (Rates of Reaction)
Rate of Reaction · Effect of Concentration and Pressure · Effect of Temperature · Effect of Surface Area …
9 topicsClass 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 12
Chemical Equilibrium
Reversible Reactions · Dynamic Equilibrium · Law of Mass Action and Kc · Kp for Gases …
7 topicsClass 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 13
Acids, Bases and Salts
Properties of Acids and Bases · Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry and Lewis Theories · Strong and Weak Acids · pH Scale and Indicators …
10 topicsClass 9Class 11O LevelA Level - Chapter 14
Electrochemistry
Oxidation and Reduction · Oxidation Numbers · Oxidising and Reducing Agents · Electrolysis …
10 topicsClass 9O LevelA Level
Inorganic Chemistry
The elements group by group: hydrogen, metals, non-metals and the transition elements.
- Chapter 15
Hydrogen and Water
Hydrogen: Preparation, Properties and Uses · Isotopes of Hydrogen · Properties of Water · Hard and Soft Water …
6 topicsClass 10 - Chapter 16
Groups 1 and 2: Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals
Alkali Metals · Alkaline Earth Metals · Trends in Properties · Reactions with Water and Oxygen …
5 topicsClass 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 17
Carbon and Silicon
Allotropes of Carbon · Oxides of Carbon · Carbonates · Silicon and Silicates …
5 topicsClass 10Class 12 - Chapter 18
Nitrogen and Phosphorus
Nitrogen and its Properties · Nitrogen Cycle · Ammonia and the Haber Process · Nitric Acid …
6 topicsClass 10Class 12A Level - Chapter 19
Oxygen and Sulphur
Oxygen: Preparation and Properties · Acidic, Basic and Amphoteric Oxides · Ozone · Sulphur and its Allotropes …
6 topicsClass 10Class 12A Level - Chapter 20
Halogens and Noble Gases
Properties and Trends of Halogens · Displacement Reactions · Chlorine and its Compounds · Hydrogen Halides …
6 topicsClass 10Class 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 21
Metals and their Extraction
Properties of Metals · Reactivity Series · Ores and Minerals · Extraction of Iron: the Blast Furnace …
9 topicsClass 10O LevelA Level - Chapter 22
Transition (d-Block) Elements
Electronic Configuration · General Properties · Variable Oxidation States · Complex Ions and Ligands …
7 topicsClass 12A Level
Organic Chemistry
Carbon compounds: hydrocarbons, functional groups, polymers and the chemistry of life.
- Chapter 23
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Organic Compounds and their Sources · Catenation: Why Carbon Is Special · Functional Groups and Homologous Series · Molecular, Structural, Displayed and Skeletal Formulae …
8 topicsClass 10Class 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 24
Fossil Fuels and Petroleum
Coal, Petroleum and Natural Gas · Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil · Cracking · Fuels and Combustion
4 topicsClass 10O Level - Chapter 25
Hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes
Alkanes · Combustion of Alkanes · Free-Radical Substitution · Alkenes …
7 topicsClass 10Class 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 26
Aromatic Compounds (Benzene)
Structure and Stability of Benzene · Electrophilic Substitution · Benzene Derivatives
3 topicsClass 12A Level - Chapter 27
Alkyl Halides (Halogenoalkanes)
Naming and Classification · Nucleophilic Substitution: SN1 and SN2 · Elimination Reactions · Uses and Environmental Effects (CFCs)
4 topicsClass 12A Level - Chapter 28
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Classification and Naming of Alcohols · Making Ethanol: Fermentation and Hydration · Reactions of Alcohols · Phenol …
5 topicsClass 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 29
Aldehydes and Ketones
Structure and Naming · Preparation · Nucleophilic Addition · Tests: Tollens', Fehling's, 2,4-DNPH and Iodoform
4 topicsClass 12A Level - Chapter 30
Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives
Naming and Properties · Reactions of Carboxylic Acids · Esters and Esterification · Acid Chlorides and Amides
4 topicsClass 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 31
Amines
Classification and Naming · Basicity of Amines · Reactions of Amines · Amino Acids
4 topicsClass 12A Level - Chapter 32
Polymers
Addition Polymerisation · Condensation Polymerisation · Nylon and Polyesters · Plastics and Pollution …
5 topicsClass 10Class 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 33
Biochemistry
Carbohydrates · Proteins and Amino Acids · Enzymes · Lipids …
5 topicsClass 12A Level
Applied and Analytical Chemistry
Chemistry in industry and the environment, and how chemists identify and measure substances.
- Chapter 34
Industrial Chemistry
Fertilisers · Cement · Soap and Detergents · Glass …
7 topicsClass 10Class 12 - Chapter 35
Environmental Chemistry
Composition of the Atmosphere · Air Pollutants: CO, SO₂ and NOₓ · Acid Rain · Smog …
8 topicsClass 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 36
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Tests for Cations · Tests for Anions · Tests for Gases · Acid–Base Titration …
5 topicsClass 12O LevelA Level - Chapter 37
Spectroscopy
Basics of Spectroscopy · UV–Visible Spectroscopy · Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy · Mass Spectrometry …
5 topicsClass 12A Level